Photon upconversion through triplet exciton-mediated energy relay

Abstract Exploration of upconversion luminescence from lanthanide emitters through energy migration has profound implications for fundamental research and technology development. However, migration-mediated requires stringent experimental conditions, such as high power excitation special migratory ions in the host lattice, imposing selection constraints on emitters. Here we demonstrate photon diverse by harnessing triplet exciton-mediated relay. Compared with gadolinium-based systems, this relay is less dependent enhances emission intensity Tb 3+ 158-fold. Mechanistic investigations reveal that enhancement attributable to strong coupling between lanthanides surface molecules, which enables fast generation (<100 ps) subsequent near-unity transfer efficiency ligands lanthanides. Moreover, approach supports long-distance allows modulation microstructures. These findings enhance understanding at molecule-nanoparticle interfaces open exciting avenues developing hybrid, high-performance optical materials.